Financial Insights for Construction & Trades Businesses

The Forma Journal provides insights and guidance for construction and trades businesses looking to strengthen bookkeeping, job costing, payroll, and financial systems. Built from real operational experience, not theory.

Andrew Cunning Andrew Cunning

When Is a Subcontractor Actually an Employee? An Ontario Construction Guide

You're hiring someone to swing a hammer, frame walls, or run drywall. The question hits: do you put them on payroll, or just pay them as a sub?

A lot of Ontario construction owners think this is a choice. It isn't.

The relationship decides. Not the contract. Not the handshake. Not what's easier for your books.

This guide breaks down how the CRA actually decides, where WSIB plays by different rules, and what it really costs if you get it wrong.

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Andrew Cunning Andrew Cunning

What to Expect When You Hire a Bookkeeper for Your Construction Business

Most people think hiring a bookkeeper means finally getting clarity on their numbers. That’s not what actually happens.

In Canada, bookkeeping is unregulated, so your financial reality depends entirely on who you hire. A good bookkeeper gives you reliable data to make decisions. A bad one distorts your margins, misses compliance issues, and leaves you exposed to CRA problems.

This guide explains what actually happens when you hire a bookkeeper and what to watch for.

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Andrew Cunning Andrew Cunning

Construction Cash Flow Management: A Practical Guide for Contractors

Cash flow management is one of the most misunderstood parts of running a construction business. Owners are often told to fix cash problems by invoicing faster or cutting costs, but that advice misses the real issue.

If you do not first understand how cash is actually moving through your business, you are managing blind.

This guide explains how to read your cash flow properly, build a simple forecast, and determine whether your cash issues are just timing or a deeper structural problem.

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